Pourquoi Ludus Argentorate ?

 

Ludus Argentorate signifie littéralement : Ecole de gladiateurs ( Ludus ) de Strasbourg ( Argentorate ).

Nous avons fait un petit accroc à l'Histoire en ce qui concerne ce nom : d'ordinaire, les Ludus portaient le nom de leur propriétaire, ou dans le plus prestigieux des cas, de l'Empereur qui l'a commandité.

Ainsi, le Ludus où le célèbre Spartacus a vécu était le Ludus Batiatus, du nom de Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Batiatus, le propriétaire des lieux. Quatre grandes écoles de gladiateurs étaient implantées près du Colisée à Rome : le ludus magnus, le ludus matutinus, le ludus dacicus et le ludus gallicus.

Il s'agissait pour nous de promouvoir l'appartenance à notre ville, Argentorate. 

  

Vers la fin du IIIe siècle av. J.-C., ce site devient une bourgade celte du nom d’Argentorate, dotée d’un sanctuaire et d’un marché. Grâce à d’importants travaux d’assèchement, les maisons sur pilotis cèdent leur place à des habitations bâties sur la terre ferme. Les romains arrivent en Alsace en 58 av. J.-C. et s’installent sur le site de Strasbourg. En 12 av. J.-C. La ville devient un camp militaire fortifié positionné sur le limes du Rhin faisant partie des forts de Drusus.

Au fil du temps, la ville va prendre de l’importance. Promue colonie militaire, Argentorate est déjà un carrefour commercial important et aux alentours de l’an 20 la population est estimée à près de 10 000 habitants, armée romaine incluse. La ville reste néanmoins essentiellement militaire et donc totalement dépendante de cette activité. Au cours des IIe et IIIe siècles, avec l’agrandissement de l’Empire romain, Argentoratum va servir de base de repli pour les troupes romaines installées en Germanie. Mais en 260, les légions quittent la Germanie et Strasbourg redevient une ville frontière.



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